Compound wire



(m 9 W. PAUL & T, J. WOOD. 5 COMPOUND WIRE. w

No. 309,509. Patented Dec. 16, 18841.--

@ WMW MMQM/f/M lUEnTEn STATES PATENT @EETcE,

VILLIAM PAUL AND THOMAS J. \VOOD, OF AFSONIA, ASSIGNORS OF ONE- THlR-DTO FELIX OHILLINGVORTH, OF NE\V HAV EN, CONNECTICUT.

'ooivieoono Wins.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,509, dated December16, 1884.

Application filed December 11, D1 3.

in all whom 211'; may concern.-

Be itknown that we, \VM. PAUL and THOS. J. \VOOD, of Ansonia, in thecounty of New Haven, and in the State of Connecticut, have 5 invented anew and useful Improvement in Compound Vires; and we do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1showsa perspective view of a piece of our improved compound wire, andFig. 2 a view of a erosssection of the same.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of thefigures.

The object of our invention is to provide an improved compound wire forelectrical purposes; and to this end it consists of a compound wirehaving a non-cylindrical core, as hereinafter described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, A designates the envelope or outer portion of the wire,and 13 the contained core of a noncylindrical shape. (Joinpound wireshave been found a necessity where great conductivity and stillconsiderable tensile strength are reipiired. Copper, which is consideredthe best metal to use in wires where great conductivity and littleresistance are do sirable, has not tensile strength enough.

alone is stretched between poles as a telegraph or telephone wire, itgradually lengthens out and down under the influence of its own weightand the changesintimiperature. Such sagging is obviously objectionablewhere several. wires are strung near each other. in or der to obtain awire which shall combine the advantages of the great conductivity ofcopper and the stiffness and strength of steel or iron compound wireshave been made having a core of steel or iron Sl'lllOllllClCtl by aconducting envelope of copper. The core in this case forms the backbonefor the hi ghl ycond ueting portion of the wire. As heretofore made,however, these wires have always had a round or cylindrical core. Thegreat objection to the use of such wire has been found to be that alittle bending suffices to separate the envelope from its core, a resultwhich is especially to be avoided. \Vherever the envelope is thusseparated from its core, it is liable to rupture,

AS 3 is well known, where awire made of this metal.

(No mod l.)

either partial, so as to diminish the conductivity of the wire,orcomplete. Such separation and cracking or breaking of the envelopeexposes the core to moisture from without and the rapidly-deterioratingaction of the atmospherc.

\Vith compound wire as heretofore made and described above with itscylindrical core it has been found impossible to successfully 6o jointhe ends of two portions of wire by the factured, is that the core isnon-cylindrieal, as

shown in the drawings. This irregularity can be produced in any desiredway. The core as used in forn'iing the compound bar or rod from whichthe wire is to be formed can be made irregular or noircylindrical inshape, or such core can be cylindrical in form as it appears in the bar,and bc'rendered irregular or non-cylindrical in the process of rollingand drawing down, as described in another application to be filed by us;also, where the compound bar or rod is made by depositing a coating of:copper upon the core by galvanic to tion the latter can obviously beeither noncylindrici'il in shape at first before the copper isdepositedupon it, or can be afterward rendered so in the process of manufacturingthe wire from the bar or red, as indicated above. go Where the wire isto be formed directly by the plating process, the core is of course tobe made irregular or non-cylindrical in shape before subjecting it tosuch process.

As indicated above, it has been found that 5 if the core of the wire benon-cylindrical in shape the copper covering or conducting envelopecannot easily be separated therefrom, and the compound wire can be usedas a single metal wire could, and the ends of the differ- Ico cutportions of the wire can be connected together by the strongest,simplest, and most desirable form of connection for electricalconductors,known as the telegraph-joint.

' If for any reason it should be found desirable to form the coreof'material of great electrical conductivity, and to make the envelopeof metal or material having the necessary tensile strength to supportthe whole, the core can obviously, to advantage, still be made of anon-cylindrical shape for the same purpose as in the constructionalready described herein.

\Ve do not limit ourselves to a wire formed of copper and iron or steel,as it may be found advantageous for certain purposes to use othermetals, metallic compounds, or alloys for the 1. As an article ofmanufacture, a compound wire having a non-cylindrical core, substantially as shown and described.

2. As an article of manufacture, a compound wire consisting of aconducting envelope or covering surrounding a strengthening-core ofnon-cylindrical shape, substantially as shown and described. i

3. As an article of manufacture, a compound Wire consisting of anon-cylindrical iron or steel core surrounded by copper, substantiallyas shown and described.

4-. As an article of manufacture, acompound wire having anoircylindrieal core and a cylindrical envelope, substantially as shownand described.

In testimonythat we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our handsthis 1st day of DGCQll'lbCl, .1883.

PHILIP G. RUssELL.

